Effect of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the growth, immune function and structural integrity of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).
Identifieur interne : 000862 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000861; suivant : 000863Effect of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the growth, immune function and structural integrity of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).
Auteurs : Kang Chen [République populaire de Chine] ; Wei-Dan Jiang [République populaire de Chine] ; Pei Wu [République populaire de Chine] ; Yang Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Sheng-Yao Kuang [République populaire de Chine] ; Ling Tang [République populaire de Chine] ; Wu-Neng Tang [République populaire de Chine] ; Yong-An Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Xiao-Qiu Zhou [République populaire de Chine] ; Lin Feng [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Fish & shellfish immunology [ 1095-9947 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Aeromonas hydrophila (physiologie), Aliment pour animaux (analyse), Animaux (MeSH), Antioxydants (métabolisme), Apoptose (physiologie), Carpes (poisson) (croissance et développement), Carpes (poisson) (immunologie), Compléments alimentaires (analyse), Immunité innée (physiologie), Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif (immunologie), Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif (microbiologie), Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif (médecine vétérinaire), Jonctions serrées (physiologie), Maladies des poissons (immunologie), Maladies des poissons (microbiologie), Peau (métabolisme), Phosphore (déficit), Phosphore alimentaire (immunologie), Phosphore alimentaire (métabolisme), Protéines de poisson (génétique), Protéines de poisson (métabolisme), Rate (métabolisme), Rein céphalique (métabolisme), Régime alimentaire (médecine vétérinaire).
- MESH :
- analyse : Aliment pour animaux, Compléments alimentaires.
- croissance et développement : Carpes (poisson).
- déficit : Phosphore.
- génétique : Protéines de poisson.
- immunologie : Carpes (poisson), Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif, Maladies des poissons, Phosphore alimentaire.
- microbiologie : Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif, Maladies des poissons.
- médecine vétérinaire : Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif, Régime alimentaire.
- métabolisme : Antioxydants, Peau, Phosphore alimentaire, Protéines de poisson, Rate, Rein céphalique.
- physiologie : Aeromonas hydrophila, Apoptose, Immunité innée, Jonctions serrées.
- Animaux.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Aeromonas hydrophila (physiology), Animal Feed (analysis), Animals (MeSH), Antioxidants (metabolism), Apoptosis (physiology), Carps (growth & development), Carps (immunology), Diet (veterinary), Dietary Supplements (analysis), Fish Diseases (immunology), Fish Diseases (microbiology), Fish Proteins (genetics), Fish Proteins (metabolism), Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (immunology), Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (microbiology), Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (veterinary), Head Kidney (metabolism), Immunity, Innate (physiology), Phosphorus (deficiency), Phosphorus, Dietary (immunology), Phosphorus, Dietary (metabolism), Skin (metabolism), Spleen (metabolism), Tight Junctions (physiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , deficiency : Phosphorus.
- chemical , genetics : Fish Proteins.
- chemical , immunology : Phosphorus, Dietary.
- chemical , metabolism : Antioxidants, Fish Proteins, Phosphorus, Dietary.
- analysis : Animal Feed, Dietary Supplements.
- growth & development : Carps.
- immunology : Carps, Fish Diseases, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections.
- metabolism : Head Kidney, Skin, Spleen.
- microbiology : Fish Diseases, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections.
- physiology : Aeromonas hydrophila, Apoptosis, Immunity, Innate, Tight Junctions.
- veterinary : Diet, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections.
- Animals.
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of dietary phosphorus on the growth, immune function and structural integrity (head kidney, spleen and skin) of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) that were fed graded levels of available phosphorus (0.95-8.75 g/kg diet). Results indicated that phosphorus deficiency decreased the growth performance of young grass carp. In addition, the results first demonstrated that compared with the optimal phosphorus level, phosphorus deficiency depressed the lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and the complement 3 (C3), C4 and immunoglobulin M (IgM) contents, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and target of rapamycin (TOR), whereas it up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB p52 mRNA levels to decrease fish head kidney and spleen immune functions. Moreover, phosphorus deficiency up-regulated the mRNA levels of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1a (Keap1a), Fas ligand (FasL), apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), caspase -2, -3, -7, -8 and -9, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), whereas it depressed the glutathione (GSH) contents and antioxidant enzymes activities, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and tight junction complexes to attenuate fish head kidney and spleen structural integrity. In addition, phosphorus deficiency increased skin hemorrhage and lesions morbidity. Finally, based on the percent weight gain (PWG) and the ability to combat skin hemorrhage and lesions, the dietary available phosphorus requirements for young grass carp (254.56-898.23 g) were estimated to be 4.10 and 4.13 g/kg diet, respectively. In summary, phosphorus deficiency decreases the growth performance, and impairs immune function and structural integrity in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.007
PubMed: 28192254
Affiliations:
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Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. 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Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chengdu 611130</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, Pei" sort="Wu, Pei" uniqKey="Wu P" first="Pei" last="Wu">Pei Wu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chengdu 611130</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Yang" sort="Liu, Yang" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yang" last="Liu">Yang Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chengdu 611130</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kuang, Sheng Yao" sort="Kuang, Sheng Yao" uniqKey="Kuang S" first="Sheng-Yao" last="Kuang">Sheng-Yao Kuang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chengdu 610066</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Ling" sort="Tang, Ling" uniqKey="Tang L" first="Ling" last="Tang">Ling Tang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chengdu 610066</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tang, Wu Neng" sort="Tang, Wu Neng" uniqKey="Tang W" first="Wu-Neng" last="Tang">Wu-Neng Tang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chengdu 610066</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yong An" sort="Zhang, Yong An" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yong-An" last="Zhang">Yong-An Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Wuhan</settlement><region type="région">Hubei</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhou, Xiao Qiu" sort="Zhou, Xiao Qiu" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xiao-Qiu" last="Zhou">Xiao-Qiu Zhou</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: xqzhouqq@tom.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chengdu 611130</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, Lin" sort="Feng, Lin" uniqKey="Feng L" first="Lin" last="Feng">Lin Feng</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: fenglin@sicau.edu.cn.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Chengdu 611130</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Fish & shellfish immunology</title><idno type="eISSN">1095-9947</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Aeromonas hydrophila (physiology)</term><term>Animal Feed (analysis)</term><term>Animals (MeSH)</term><term>Antioxidants (metabolism)</term><term>Apoptosis (physiology)</term><term>Carps (growth & development)</term><term>Carps (immunology)</term><term>Diet (veterinary)</term><term>Dietary Supplements (analysis)</term><term>Fish Diseases (immunology)</term><term>Fish Diseases (microbiology)</term><term>Fish Proteins (genetics)</term><term>Fish Proteins (metabolism)</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (immunology)</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (microbiology)</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections (veterinary)</term><term>Head Kidney (metabolism)</term><term>Immunity, Innate (physiology)</term><term>Phosphorus (deficiency)</term><term>Phosphorus, Dietary (immunology)</term><term>Phosphorus, Dietary (metabolism)</term><term>Skin (metabolism)</term><term>Spleen (metabolism)</term><term>Tight Junctions (physiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Aeromonas hydrophila (physiologie)</term><term>Aliment pour animaux (analyse)</term><term>Animaux (MeSH)</term><term>Antioxydants (métabolisme)</term><term>Apoptose (physiologie)</term><term>Carpes (poisson) (croissance et développement)</term><term>Carpes (poisson) (immunologie)</term><term>Compléments alimentaires (analyse)</term><term>Immunité innée (physiologie)</term><term>Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif (immunologie)</term><term>Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif (microbiologie)</term><term>Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif (médecine vétérinaire)</term><term>Jonctions serrées (physiologie)</term><term>Maladies des poissons (immunologie)</term><term>Maladies des poissons (microbiologie)</term><term>Peau (métabolisme)</term><term>Phosphore (déficit)</term><term>Phosphore alimentaire (immunologie)</term><term>Phosphore alimentaire (métabolisme)</term><term>Protéines de poisson (génétique)</term><term>Protéines de poisson (métabolisme)</term><term>Rate (métabolisme)</term><term>Rein céphalique (métabolisme)</term><term>Régime alimentaire (médecine vétérinaire)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="deficiency" xml:lang="en"><term>Phosphorus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Fish Proteins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Phosphorus, Dietary</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Antioxidants</term><term>Fish Proteins</term><term>Phosphorus, Dietary</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analyse" xml:lang="fr"><term>Aliment pour animaux</term><term>Compléments alimentaires</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="analysis" xml:lang="en"><term>Animal Feed</term><term>Dietary Supplements</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="croissance et développement" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carpes (poisson)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="déficit" xml:lang="fr"><term>Phosphore</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="growth & development" xml:lang="en"><term>Carps</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Protéines de poisson</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carpes (poisson)</term><term>Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif</term><term>Maladies des poissons</term><term>Phosphore alimentaire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>Carps</term><term>Fish Diseases</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Head Kidney</term><term>Skin</term><term>Spleen</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif</term><term>Maladies des poissons</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="microbiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Fish Diseases</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="médecine vétérinaire" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections bactériennes à Gram négatif</term><term>Régime alimentaire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antioxydants</term><term>Peau</term><term>Phosphore alimentaire</term><term>Protéines de poisson</term><term>Rate</term><term>Rein céphalique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Aeromonas hydrophila</term><term>Apoptose</term><term>Immunité innée</term><term>Jonctions serrées</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Aeromonas hydrophila</term><term>Apoptosis</term><term>Immunity, Innate</term><term>Tight Junctions</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="veterinary" xml:lang="en"><term>Diet</term><term>Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study evaluates the effects of dietary phosphorus on the growth, immune function and structural integrity (head kidney, spleen and skin) of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) that were fed graded levels of available phosphorus (0.95-8.75 g/kg diet). Results indicated that phosphorus deficiency decreased the growth performance of young grass carp. In addition, the results first demonstrated that compared with the optimal phosphorus level, phosphorus deficiency depressed the lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and the complement 3 (C3), C4 and immunoglobulin M (IgM) contents, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and target of rapamycin (TOR), whereas it up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB p52 mRNA levels to decrease fish head kidney and spleen immune functions. Moreover, phosphorus deficiency up-regulated the mRNA levels of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1a (Keap1a), Fas ligand (FasL), apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), caspase -2, -3, -7, -8 and -9, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), whereas it depressed the glutathione (GSH) contents and antioxidant enzymes activities, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and tight junction complexes to attenuate fish head kidney and spleen structural integrity. In addition, phosphorus deficiency increased skin hemorrhage and lesions morbidity. Finally, based on the percent weight gain (PWG) and the ability to combat skin hemorrhage and lesions, the dietary available phosphorus requirements for young grass carp (254.56-898.23 g) were estimated to be 4.10 and 4.13 g/kg diet, respectively. In summary, phosphorus deficiency decreases the growth performance, and impairs immune function and structural integrity in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28192254</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2017</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>03</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2017</Year><Month>05</Month><Day>03</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1095-9947</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>63</Volume><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>Apr</Month></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Fish & shellfish immunology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Fish Shellfish Immunol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Effect of dietary phosphorus deficiency on the growth, immune function and structural integrity of head kidney, spleen and skin in young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella).</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>103-126</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1050-4648(17)30070-0</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.007</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>This study evaluates the effects of dietary phosphorus on the growth, immune function and structural integrity (head kidney, spleen and skin) of young grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) that were fed graded levels of available phosphorus (0.95-8.75 g/kg diet). Results indicated that phosphorus deficiency decreased the growth performance of young grass carp. In addition, the results first demonstrated that compared with the optimal phosphorus level, phosphorus deficiency depressed the lysozyme (LZ) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities and the complement 3 (C3), C4 and immunoglobulin M (IgM) contents, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antimicrobial peptides, anti-inflammatory cytokines, inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and target of rapamycin (TOR), whereas it up-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and NF-κB p52 mRNA levels to decrease fish head kidney and spleen immune functions. Moreover, phosphorus deficiency up-regulated the mRNA levels of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1a (Keap1a), Fas ligand (FasL), apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), caspase -2, -3, -7, -8 and -9, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), whereas it depressed the glutathione (GSH) contents and antioxidant enzymes activities, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), B-cell lymphoma protein-2 (Bcl-2), myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) and tight junction complexes to attenuate fish head kidney and spleen structural integrity. In addition, phosphorus deficiency increased skin hemorrhage and lesions morbidity. Finally, based on the percent weight gain (PWG) and the ability to combat skin hemorrhage and lesions, the dietary available phosphorus requirements for young grass carp (254.56-898.23 g) were estimated to be 4.10 and 4.13 g/kg diet, respectively. In summary, phosphorus deficiency decreases the growth performance, and impairs immune function and structural integrity in the head kidney, spleen and skin of young grass carp.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Ltd.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Chen</LastName><ForeName>Kang</ForeName><Initials>K</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jiang</LastName><ForeName>Wei-Dan</ForeName><Initials>WD</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wu</LastName><ForeName>Pei</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Yang</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Kuang</LastName><ForeName>Sheng-Yao</ForeName><Initials>SY</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tang</LastName><ForeName>Ling</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tang</LastName><ForeName>Wu-Neng</ForeName><Initials>WN</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Academy of Animal Science, Chengdu 610066, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Yong-An</ForeName><Initials>YA</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhou</LastName><ForeName>Xiao-Qiu</ForeName><Initials>XQ</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: xqzhouqq@tom.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Feng</LastName><ForeName>Lin</ForeName><Initials>L</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Chengdu 611130, China. Electronic address: fenglin@sicau.edu.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>10</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Fish Shellfish Immunol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9505220</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1050-4648</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D000975">Antioxidants</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D029941">Fish Proteins</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D016226">Phosphorus, Dietary</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>27YLU75U4W</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D010758">Phosphorus</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016980" MajorTopicYN="N">Aeromonas hydrophila</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000821" MajorTopicYN="N">Animal Feed</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000975" MajorTopicYN="N">Antioxidants</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D017209" MajorTopicYN="N">Apoptosis</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002347" MajorTopicYN="Y">Carps</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000254" MajorTopicYN="N">growth & development</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D004032" MajorTopicYN="N">Diet</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="Y">veterinary</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019587" MajorTopicYN="N">Dietary Supplements</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000032" MajorTopicYN="N">analysis</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005393" MajorTopicYN="N">Fish Diseases</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D029941" MajorTopicYN="N">Fish Proteins</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000235" MajorTopicYN="N">genetics</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016905" MajorTopicYN="N">Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="N">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000382" MajorTopicYN="N">microbiology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000662" MajorTopicYN="Y">veterinary</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060226" MajorTopicYN="N">Head Kidney</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D007113" MajorTopicYN="N">Immunity, Innate</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D010758" MajorTopicYN="N">Phosphorus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000172" MajorTopicYN="Y">deficiency</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D016226" MajorTopicYN="N">Phosphorus, Dietary</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000276" MajorTopicYN="Y">immunology</QualifierName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012867" MajorTopicYN="N">Skin</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013154" MajorTopicYN="N">Spleen</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D019108" MajorTopicYN="N">Tight Junctions</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="N">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Head kidney</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Immune function</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Phosphorus deficiency</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Spleen</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Structural integrity</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>02</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>07</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year><Month>02</Month><Day>08</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2017</Year><Month>5</Month><Day>4</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>2</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28192254</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1050-4648(17)30070-0</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.007</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li></country><region><li>Hubei</li></region><settlement><li>Wuhan</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Chen, Kang" sort="Chen, Kang" uniqKey="Chen K" first="Kang" last="Chen">Kang Chen</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Feng, Lin" sort="Feng, Lin" uniqKey="Feng L" first="Lin" last="Feng">Lin Feng</name><name sortKey="Jiang, Wei Dan" sort="Jiang, Wei Dan" uniqKey="Jiang W" first="Wei-Dan" last="Jiang">Wei-Dan Jiang</name><name sortKey="Kuang, Sheng Yao" sort="Kuang, Sheng Yao" uniqKey="Kuang S" first="Sheng-Yao" last="Kuang">Sheng-Yao Kuang</name><name sortKey="Liu, Yang" sort="Liu, Yang" uniqKey="Liu Y" first="Yang" last="Liu">Yang Liu</name><name sortKey="Tang, Ling" sort="Tang, Ling" uniqKey="Tang L" first="Ling" last="Tang">Ling Tang</name><name sortKey="Tang, Wu Neng" sort="Tang, Wu Neng" uniqKey="Tang W" first="Wu-Neng" last="Tang">Wu-Neng Tang</name><name sortKey="Wu, Pei" sort="Wu, Pei" uniqKey="Wu P" first="Pei" last="Wu">Pei Wu</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Yong An" sort="Zhang, Yong An" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yong-An" last="Zhang">Yong-An Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhou, Xiao Qiu" sort="Zhou, Xiao Qiu" uniqKey="Zhou X" first="Xiao-Qiu" last="Zhou">Xiao-Qiu Zhou</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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